The Earth has experienced many episodes of dramatic climate change over the years. Scientists warn that the planet is currently becoming warmer at a rapid pace and there will be significant consequences for the people and ecosystems. How humans respond to global warming is crucial for their survival amid the growing threat of moving coastal cities, migrating crop belts, changing climate zones, and varying river conditions. A thorough examination of the climate history of the past million years may help predict and alter the course for the future.