Morocco continues to struggle with unemployment, faltering levels of competitiveness, and a lack of diversity in its economy. And, despite efforts to improve trade both at the border and within the country itself, shortcomings of the US-Morocco Free Trade Agreement (FTA) weaken its intended economic results. What missteps have been made and how should they be renegotiated in the future? Where has the implementation failed and what additional steps should the US and European Union take in order to boost Moroccan industries? Morocco-US Free Trade Agreement: An Assessment makes recommendations to capitalize upon underexploited elements of the agreements and ultimately offers a promising direction for new provisions. Precise and thorough, the volume first references other countries experiences with a US FTA as a basis for retooling aspects of the Moroccan agreement. The study quantitatively and qualitatively analyzes the results of the US-Morocco FTA, which began in 2006, compared with the US FTAs with Chile and Jordan. The authors use a standard, gravity-model analysis of US two-way trade to determine if trade falls short of or exceeds predicted levels. Notably, this study looks at why Chile and Jordan perceived respective US FTAs as a boon to the economy and assesses how these success stories are applicable to Morocco's unique position. Finally, the study focuses on sectors in which the agreement has proven advantageous, namely agriculture and textile, and examines other sectors in which the outcome is still unclear: services and intellectual property. Based upon the substantive framework of these case studies, the authors suggest reforms that the Moroccan government should use to leverage a successful US-Morocco Free Trade Agreement....

This is a revised edition of the classic book on this subject. It chronicles and examines 170 cases of economic sanctions imposed since World War I. Fifty of these cases were launched in the 1990s and are new to this edition. Special attention is paid to new developments arising from the end of the Cold War and the increasing globalization of the world economy. Analyzing a range of economic and political factors that can influence the success of a sanctions episode, the authors distill a set of commandments to guide policymakers in the effective use of sanctions. This study will be published in two parts: Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy;, summarizing the analysis and outlining the policy recommendations and Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: Case Histories;, a supplemental CD-ROM containing the case studies. The CD-ROM is not sold separately....

Rising terrorist activity has led the Maghreb countries Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Mauritania, and Libya to focus on antiterrorism efforts, with the unintentional effect of putting economic reforms on the sidelines. Maghreb countries have tightened border restrictions on the flow of people and goods, reducing commerce and depressing economic activity. In fact, the Maghreb has one of the lowest rates of intraregional trade in the world. Growth has been modest, and other factors such as rigid economic structures, low productivity, and modest investment levels continue to hinder progress. Do these countries diverse circumstances present insurmountable obstacles for achieving cooperation and improving the standard of living? Can the United States and the European Union facilitate economic progress? This book explores such questions and proposes meaningful strategies. It presents two econometric models to assess the impact of various trade integration scenarios among the Maghreb countries and with the United States and the European Union, and outlines sector-specific recommendations in four key areas: energy, banking, transport and food. The authors advocate measures that should be included by the United States and the European Union in commercial agreements with their Maghreb partners. The measures are designed to accelerate the removal of tariff and nontariff barriers, and to raise the region s attractiveness to global firms....