This book explores the relationship between the spread of HIV/AIDS (among other diseases of poverty) and neoliberal economic ideas. It explains not only how IMF policies have exacerbated public health problems in developing countries, but also how mounting global frustration will ultimately lead to challenges to the dominant neoliberal ideas, as other more effective economic ideas are sought. In stark, powerful terms, Rowden offers a unique and in-depth critique of development economics, global foreign aid and health institutions, and how these seemingly abstract factors play out in the real world -- from the highest levels of global institutions to African finance and health ministries to rural health outposts of developing nations, and back again.